Medical Research Finder

Loading…

© 2025 meRfi®

Medical Research Finder

Legal Notice
Privacy
Terms of Use

Gut microbiota / Evidence-based microbiome knowledge (incl. AI chat)
Prebiotics, Probiotics, FMT / Manipulators of the Intestinal Microbiota

AuthorsReferences (Sources)

AuthorsReferences (Sources)

meRfi® AI Chat

Intestinal immune system

Welcome to meRfi-GM!

Please register to continue your trial period!

meRfi-GM provides you with up-to-date, evidence-based insights on the gut microbiota and related health topics.

Access our ever-expanding digital library and get personalized answers through our interactive AI chat platform.

Start your free trial and transform your understanding of the gut microbiota today!

Register for a free trial

Contents

Recent discoveries have identified the presence of memory T cells in various fetal tissues, including the intestines of both human and nonhuman primates (Stras et al. 2019 Dev Cell 51(3): 357-73; Halkias et al. 2019 J Clin Invest 129(9): 3562-77; Schreurs et al. 2019 Immunity 50(2): 462-76; Li et al. 2019 Nat Immunol 20: 301-12; Mishra et al. 2021), cord blood (Frascoli et al. 2018 Sci Transl Med 10(438): eaan2263), and the placenta (Toothaker et al. 2020 Front Immunol 11: 866).

These findings suggest that the education of the intestinal adaptive immune system may begin in utero. This implies that the critical period for shaping intestinal homeostasis could start before birth
Koren et al. 2024 Nat Rev Gas…

References (Sources)

Gut immune microenvironment and autoimmunity
Wang et al. 2023 Int Immunopharmacol 124: 110842
Human fetal TNF-alpha-cytokine-producing CD4(+) effector memory T cells promote intestinal development and mediate inflammation early in life
Schreurs et al. 2019 Immunity 50(2): 462-76
Intestinal cell type-speciﬁc communication networks underlie homeostasis and response to Western diet
Wang et al. 2023l J Exp Med 220: e20221437
Intraepithelial lymphocytes of the intestine
Lockhart et al. 2024 Annu Rev Immunol 42: 289-316
Review
Memory CD4(+) T cells are generated in the human fetal intestine
Li et al. 2019 Nat Immunol 20: 301-12
Microbial exposure during early human development primes fetal immune cells
Mishra et al. 2021
Ontogeny of FOXP3 +regulatory T cells in the postnatal human small intestinal and large intestinal lamina propria
Weitkamp et al. 2009 Pediatr. Dev. Pathol. 12: 443-449

AI Chat

12/16/2025

Chat with our artificial intelligence: