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Early-life antibiotic (ELA) exposure is associated with changes in obesity risk. The effects differ depending on the dosage and the sex of the subjects, as observed in both mouse experiments and human studies. When administered in low doses, antibiotics can enhance energy availability by modifying the gut microbiome. Conversely, high doses of antibiotics can deplete the gut microbiota, resulting in a short-term negative energy balance.
The majority of animal studies and meta-analyses of human studies on the association between antibiotics and subsequent development of Adiposity / Obesity are sugg…