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The Alfa-Bug Hypothesis suggested that oncogenic bacteria such as Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) induce the development of CRC through direct interactions with colonic epithelial cells and alterations of microbiota composition at the colorectal site
Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis as oncogenic bacteria belongs to pathogenic bacteria. The presence of enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis has been demonstrated in human biopsies of various types of gastrointestinal cancer
Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) generates enterotoxins causing colitis and subsequent production of IL-17A via recruitment of Th17 and Gamma Delta T Cells, among others
The enterotoxin produced by Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (also known as fragilysin) acted as a metalloprotease for cleavage of junctional protein and induction of epithelial-derived IL-8 synthesis, which were suggested to be involved in the colitogenic ability
Enterotoxigenic bacteroides fragilis creates by releasing the toxin fragilysin reactive oxygen species (ROS) via catabolic metabolism and directly induces DNA damage that contributes to colon tumorigenesis
Additionally, Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) shows aberrant polyamine metabolism by its upregulation, thereby exaggerating inflammation and tumorigenesis via ROS-related DNA damage.
Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) is a molecular subclass of the common human commensal B. fragilis that secrete a zinc-dependent metalloprotease toxin termed the B. fragilis toxin (BFT, also known as fragilysin)
ETBF colonization activates of Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) with a subsequent colonic mucosal Th17 response.
Subsequently, increased mucosal permeability occurs
A keystone pathogen species, such as Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF), remodels the colonic microbiota to promote CRC, possibly via IL-17 and Th17 cell-mediated inflammation and may be blocked by beneficial commensal microbiota
Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) releases fragilysin (also known as BFT), a toxic virulence factor that induces DNA damage in vivo
see also:
Bacteroides fragilis