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Gut microbiota / Evidence-based microbiome knowledge (incl. AI chat)
Prebiotics, Probiotics, FMT / Manipulators of the Intestinal Microbiota

AuthorsReferences (Sources)

AuthorsReferences (Sources)

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Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile

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Contents

General Information

GeneBank Accessions: CP003939, CP010905

Scientific Name: Clostridioides difficile

Common Name: C. difficile

Characteristics:

Gram-positive

Anaerobic

Spore-forming

Motile

Pathogenicity and Virulence

Clostridioides difficile is a bacterial pathogen that causes a range of clinical diseases, from mild to moderate diarrhea to more severe conditions such as pseudomembranous colitis and toxic megacolon (2). The virulence of C. difficile is strain-dependent, with particularly virulent strains like the [Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile Hypervirulent Clade 2(brain://KZitF6GUVUC14XOu8XP2nw/ClostridioidesDiffici…

References (Sources)

Clostridioides difficile exploits toxin-mediated inflammation to alter the host nutritional landscape and exclude competitors from the gut microbiota
Fletcher et al. 2021
Clostridium difficile infection
Smits et al. 2016 Nat Rev Dis Primers 2: 16020
Clostridium difficile spore biology: sporulation, germination, and spore structural proteins
Paredes-Sabja et al. 2014 Trends Microbiol 22: 406-416
Review
Entry of spores into intestinal epithelial cells contributes to recurrence of Clostridioides difficile infection
Castro-Córdova et al. 2021 Nat Commun 12: 1140
The regulatory network controlling spore formation in Clostridium difficile
Saujet et al. 2014 FEMS Microbiol Lett 358: 1-10
Review
The role of toxin A and toxin B in Clostridium difﬁcile infection
Kuehne et al. 2010 Nature 467: 711-713
The role of toxin A and toxin B in the virulence of Clostridium difﬁcile
Carter et al. 2012 Trends Microbiol 20: 21-29

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12/16/2025

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Links

Clostridioides difficile (bacteria) - Wikipedia
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74932-7_13