meRfi®-GM
The Digital Textbook on Gut Microbiota and Beyond
Urbanization
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Contents
Historically, high-density urban environments have housed only a fraction of the global population, with the majority residing in rural areas or small villages. However, in the last two decades, this trend has reversed. Currently, 55% of the world’s population lives in urban areas
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Urban diet, increased sanitation, and antibiotic exposure contribute to what has been termed “microbiota insufficiency syndrome” (“the loss of microbial taxa and associated [microbial] functions that have been part of our evolutionary past”)
This has also been linked to an increase in immune and metaboli…
References (Sources)
- Allergic disease in urban and rural populations: increasing prevalence with increasing urbanization
- How urbanization affects the epidemiology of emerging infectious diseases
- Links between environment, diet, and the hunter-gatherer microbiome
- Microbiology of the built environment
- The ancestral and industrialized gut microbiota and implications for human health
- Urbanization. Our World in Data
- World Urbanization Prospects: The 2018 Revision