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Although dysbiosis has been linked to Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), the role of gut bacteria in this is largely unclear.
Recent research found gut microbiota disturbances. This is a risk factor. It can lead to Metabolic Syndrome (MetS).
The gut microbiome is crucial for fermenting indigestible foodstuffs into products that can be utilized by the intestine or modulate its function. For example, complex carbohydrates are converted into SCFAs
Research has shown that individuals with Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) often exhibit alterations in their gut microbiota composition. Specifically, there is typically a lower prevalence of Bacteroidetes and an increased prevalence of Firmicutes populations in those with Metabolic Syndrome (MetS)
The exact mechanism by which dysbiosis leads to metabolic disturbances remains unclear. However, several leading theories suggest that changes in the microbiome's digestive efficiency and alterations in intestinal signaling play significant roles. These changes are often mediated by luminal metabolites - low molecular weight signaling chemicals released by bacteria in the intestinal lumen, such as secondary bile acids (BAs) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)
The microbiome's conversion of primary BAs to secondary BAs influences host metabolism. This occurs through the modulation of the farnesoid X receptor, a key regulator of hepatic triglyceride and glucose homeostasis
G-protein coupled BA receptors, which can help increase the metabolic rate in brown fat tissue, are also influenced
Pols TW, Noriega LG, Nomura M, Auwerx J, Schoonjans The bile acid membrane receptor TGR5 as an emerging target in metabolism and inflammation. J Hepatol. 2011;54(6):1263-72.
Zarrinpar A, Loomba R. Review article: the emerging interplay among the gastrointestinal tract, bile acids and incretins in the pathogenesis of diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2012;36(10):909-21.
Sayin SI, Wahlstrom A, Felin J, Jantti S, Marschall HU, Bamberg K, et al. Gut microbiota regulates bile acid metabolism by reducing the levels of tauro-beta-muricholic acid, a naturally occurring FXR antagonist. Cell metabolism. 2013;17(2):225-35.
In murine models, microbes associated with obesity have been shown to extract more energy from ingested material
see also:
Diseases / Disorders & Dysbiosis
Energy Source & Short-Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs)
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) & Adiposity / Obesity
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) & Metabolic Syndrome (MetS)
Food / Diets / Nutrients & Gut microbiota
Food / Diets / Nutrients & Metabolic Syndrome (MetS)
Gut microbiota & Metabolic Syndrome (MetS)