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The composition and function of the gut microbiota are intimately tied to nutrient acquisition strategies and metabolism, with significant implications for host health. Both dietary and host-intrinsic factors influence community structure and the basic modes of bacterial energy metabolism.
The intestinal tract is rich in carbon and nitrogen sources; however, limited access to oxygen restricts energy-generating reactions to fermentation. In contrast, increased availability of electron acceptors during episodes of intestinal inflammation results in phylum-level changes in gut microbiota composition. This suggests that bacterial energy metabolism is a key driver of gut microbiota function.
Diet…