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Microglia
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Contents
Microglia are a group of neuroglial cells that constitute about 15% of all brain cells. These brain-resident immune cells play a crucial role in modulating the central nervous system's (CNS) development, activity, and plasticity. As the resident macrophages of the CNS, microglia perform diverse and essential functions in both the developing and adult brain, during homeostasis and disease.
Microglia's functions are supported by intricate bidirectional communication with other brain cells under steady-state conditions and with infiltrating peripheral immune cells during perturbations. They are highly motile, allowing them to interact with all cells in the CNS to mediate normal development, homeostasis, and general brain physiology.
Key Characteristics
- Microglia are the main myeloid cells in the brain.
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References (Sources)
- A unique microglia type associated with restricting development of Alzheimer’s disease
- Microbiota-microglia connections in age-related cognition decline
- Microglia in Central Nervous System Inflammation and Multiple Sclerosis Pathology
- Microglia: Immune and non-immune functions
- Modulators of microglial activation and polarization after intracerebral haemorrhage
- Ontogeny and functions of central nervous system macrophages
- Present and future of microglial pharmacology