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Neuroimmunology is a rapidly expanding field, attracting interest from neuroscientists, immunologists, and microbiologists. Connections between the nervous and immune systems trace back to Aulus Cornelius Celsus, who identified the cardinal signs of inflammation: swelling, redness, heat, and pain. Neurons can induce all four inflammation signs through neurogenic inflammation.
The boundaries of the CNS (e.g., the boundaries of the brain and spinal cord) are crucial sites for neuro-immunological interactions. Both systems strive to maintain balance. If this fails, diseases can develop.
Pain is often linked to immune responses in inflamed tissues. Recent res…