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Gut microbiota / Evidence-based microbiome knowledge (incl. AI chat)
Prebiotics, Probiotics, FMT / Manipulators of the Intestinal Microbiota

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Bacteroides fragilis Toxin (BFT) / Fragilysin

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Bacteroides fragilis may stimulate breast cancer metastasis. It secretes Bacteroides fragilis Toxin (BFT) / Fragilysin. This leads to activation of the beta-catenin-Notch1 pathways.
Parida et al. 2021 Cancer Discov 11: 1138-1157

Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) produces a toxin termed Bacteroides fragilis Toxin (BFT) that causes colitis and has been associated with promoting colon tumorigenesis
Kim et al. 2017 Immu…

References (Sources)

A human colonic commensal promotes colon tumorigenesis via activation of T helper type 17 T cell responses
Wu et al. 2009 Nat. Med. 15: 1016
A procarcinogenic colon microbe promotes breast tumorigenesis and metastatic progression and concomitantly activates notch and beta-catenin axes.
Parida et al. 2021 Cancer Discov 11: 1138-1157
Bacteroides fragilis Toxin Induces IL-8 Secretion in HT29/C1 Cells through Disruption of E-cadherin Junctions
Hwang et al. 2013 Immune Netw. 13(5):213–7
Distinct interactions with cellular E-cadherin of the two virulent metalloproteinases encoded by a Bacteroides fragilis pathogenicity island
Remacle et al. 2014 PLoS One. 9(11):e113896
The intestinal microbiota: Antibiotics, colonization resistance, and enteric pathogens
Kim et al. 2017 Immunol Rev. 279(1): 90-105

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12/16/2025

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Bacteroides fragilis Toxin (BFT) / Fragilysin

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