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The gut communicates nutritional information to the nervous system through epithelial sensory enteroendocrine cells (EEC)
EECs also relay signals from gut microbes.
Enteroendocrine Cells (EEC) have nutrient receptors. These react
• to appetite or satiety,
• to changes in gastric emptying,
• to intestinal transit,
• to the release of digestive enzymes,
• to the induction of nutrient transporters and digestive enzymes,
• to an increase in the mucosal barrier function,
• to insulin secretion from the pancreas,
• to changes in immune responses and
• to tissue growth.
The interaction triggers the release of…