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p38 MAP Kinases

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Generally, cellular stresses and inflammatory cytokines activate p38 MAP Kinases
Yu et al. 2020 Microorganisms 8(7): 1067

Four p38 MAP kinases, p38-alfa (MAPK14), -beta (MAPK11), -gamma (MAPK12 / ERK6), and -delta (MAPK13 / SAPK4), have been identified. They are involved in cell differentiation, apoptosis and autophagy.

By osmotic shock, inflammatory cytokines, lipopolysaccharides (LPS), ultraviolet light, and growth factors activated p38 MAP kinases activate transcription factors (ATF2, Mac, MEF2, p53)