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Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs)

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Antimicrobial resistance threatens public health, driving the need for alternative therapies like antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Protein language models (PLMs) enhance protein structure and function predictions, aiding AMP discovery. We created the antimicrobial peptide structural evolution miner (AMP-SEMiner), an AI framework that combines PLMs, structural clustering, and evolutionary analysis to identify AMPs from small open reading frames and AMP-containing proteins in metagenome-assembled genomes. AMP-SEMiner found over 1.6 million AMP candidates in various environments. Experiments confirmed antimicrobial activity in 9 of the 20 tested candidates, with 5 outperforming antibiotics; variant peptides…