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The immunomodulatory effects of the gut microbiota extend to intestinal and extraintestinal tissues, including the central nervous system (CNS). Specific antigens of the gut microbiota are responsible for the induction of immune regulation. Polysaccharide A (PSA) from Bacteroides fragilis is an archetypal molecule for this. Studies have shown that PSA has beneficial effects in experimental disease models, including [experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE)](brain://qv7Zmm44KkunYcZGQ5ycFA/ExperimentalAutoim…