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Urinary tract infections (UTIs), primarily caused by Escherichia coli, are common and recur even after antibiotic treatment.
Bacteria actively replicate in the kidneys and urine over the course of a Urinary Tract Infections (UTI), while rapidly becoming non-dividing in the bladder. Antibiotics kill dividing bacteria and enrich non-dividing bacteria in the urinary tract
Antibiotics kill actively dividing bacteria in the kidneys and urine but fail to clear the bacteria in the bladder
Bladder reservoirs are not fully eradicated despite bladder permeabilization and multiple cycles of ciprofloxacin