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Bacteria

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Bacterial cells, much like all other cells, need to metabolize nutrients, generate building blocks and energy, maintain their shape and size, replicate and segregate their chromosomes, synthesize cell walls and membranes, and divide to produce daughter cells. However, unlike eukaryotic cells, bacterial cells carry out all these processes simultaneously within the same compartment, specifically in the cytoplasm.
Meunier & Govers 2025 Current Opinion in Microbiology 86: 102616

Bacteria exhibit a wide range of shapes across different species. Even small changes in size can significantly impact energy costs. For instance, …