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Hyperglycemia
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Persistent hyperglycemia is well established as the main risk factor for the development of diabetic neuropathy. However, other factors also contribute to its progression. High glycemic levels lead to:
- Metabolic and enzymatic changes
- Increased lipid peroxidation
- Release of pro-inflammatory cytokines
- Neuroinflammation
The function of antioxidant enzymes, including glutathione reductase and [superoxide dismutase](brain://eaK6U_y3ek6X7S5Oq9EZ9A/SuperoxideDismuta…