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Gut microbiota / Evidence-based microbiome knowledge (incl. AI chat)
Prebiotics, Probiotics, FMT / Manipulators of the Intestinal Microbiota

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Exometabolites

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Exometabolites are individual small organic compounds (metabolites) that are secreted or released by organisms into their external environment, such as culture media or natural habitats
Zha & Punt 2013 Metabolites 3(1): 119-43
Chugh et al. 2025 Trends in Microbiology 33(5): 546

Some exometabolites affect the host's immune response. They can reduce inflammation or help bacteria survive immune attacks. Recent studies show exometabolites are crucial for antimicrobial resistance and virulence
Heim et al. 2020 Nat Microbiol 5: 1271-1284
Yu et al. 2022a Nat Microbiol 7: 542-555
Cheng et al. 2024 Nat Microbiol 9: 18…

References (Sources)

Exometabolomics approaches in studying the application of lignocellulosic biomass as fermentation feedstock
Zha & Punt 2013 Metabolites 3(1): 119-43
Review
Lactate production by Staphylococcus aureus bioﬁlm inhibits HDAC11 to reprogramme the host immune response during persistent infection
Heim et al. 2020 Nat Microbiol 5: 1271-1284
Microbial communities form rich extracellular metabolomes that foster metabolic interactions and promote drug tolerance
Yu et al. 2022a Nat Microbiol 7: 542-555
Mycobacterium tuberculosis produces D-serine under hypoxia to limit CD8(+) T cell-dependent immunity in mice.
Cheng et al. 2024a Nat Microbiol 9: 1856-1872
The exometabolome as a hidden driver of bacterial virulence and pathogenesis
Chugh et al. 2025 Trends in Microbiology 33(5): 546
Review

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Exometabolites

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