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Undigested food components consist of food substrates, such as proteins that have not been digested in the small intestine.
The main precursors for fermentation are dietary carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and indigenous secretions such as mucin
Fiber is an indigestible food component that human digestive enzymes cannot break down. Fiber serves as the primary Energy source for most gut microbes.
In addition, fiber fermentation leads to the production of gases such as hydrogen (H2), methane (CH4), and carbon dioxideCO2). Of these gases, H2 and CH4 are produced exclusively by microbes.
This anaerobic metabolism contributes positively to the host's daily energy requirements and homeostasis in the gut
Through fermentation, anaerobic gut bacteria metabolize substrates to form end products such as organic acids and gases
see also:
Bacterial metabolites / Microbial metabolites
Dietary fibers (DF) & Fermenting / Fermentation
Lactic Acid Fermentation