Apoptosis

Apoptosis is a mechanism of programmed cell death that can be initiated through two main pathways: extrinsic and intrinsic. The extrinsic pathway is activated by external signals that bind to death receptors on the cell surface, such as the FAS receptor. This binding triggers a cascade of caspases, ultimately resulting in cell death. On the other hand, the intrinsic pathway is initiated from within the cell in response to stress signals. These signals cause the mitochondria to release pro-apoptotic proteins, such as [Mi…