Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2)

CCL2 is produced by

• Monocytes


• Macrophages


• Fibroblasts


• Keratinocytes
  Murphy 2022 W.W. Norton & Company ISBN 978-0-393-68093-5

CCL2 acts on

• C-C Chemokine Receptor Type 2 (CCR2)
  Murphy 2022 W.W. Norton & Company ISBN 978-0-393-68093-5

Attracted cells are

• Monocytes


• Large Granular Lymphocytes / Natural killer cells (NK cells)


• T cells


• Basophils


• Conventional (or classical) Dendritic Cells (cDCs)
  Murphy 2022 W.W. Norton & Company ISBN 978-0-393-68093-5

Major effects are

• M2 macrophages (CD68+ CD163+) Activation


• Basophils: Histamine release


• Promotes Th2 immunity
  Murphy 2022 W.W. Norton & Company ISBN 978-0-393-68093-5

CCL2 is responsible for the recruitment of monocytes to the brain
Man et al. 2007 Neurobiol Aging 28: 485–96

Also, CCL2 is responsible for the secretion of other pro-inflammatory cytokines , including IL-1 beta and TNF alfa
Joly-Amado et al. 2020 Front. Immunol. 11: 997

CCL2 is overexpressed in the brain, which promotes glial activation and accelerates tau pathology in a mouse model of tauopathy.
Joly-Amado et al. 2020 Front. Immunol. 11: 997