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The ENS is part of the autonomic nervous system and therefore an important component of the microbiota-brain axis
ENS components form integrated circuits that, autonomously or in conjunction with extrinsic parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation, regulate a variety of intestinal processes, including intestinal motility, transmucosal fluid movement, immune response, and local blood flow
The neurons present in the enteric nervous system interact directly with the neurochemicals produced by microbiota of the gut, thereby influencing the signaling to central nervous system.
see also:
Brain-Gut-Microbiome-Axis / Gut-Brain Axis & Morbus Parkinson / Parkinson's Disease (PD)
Gut microbiota & Interactions