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CD4+ Th17 cells proliferate in the gut in response to certain microbes. In rodents, segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) induce intestinal T helper 17 cell (Th17). Bifidobacterium adolescentis is tightly associated with the intestinal epithelium and produces Th17 cells without accompanying inflammation in mice. Several commercially available probiotic preparations containing Bifidobacterium strains also promote the accumulation of T helper 17 cell (Th17) in the [intestine](brain://2ze-J2p2…