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The body uses hydrogen sulfide (H2S) to detect low oxygen levels (hypoxia). This is especially true for the carotid body, which controls breathing. When oxygen levels are low, glomus cells in the carotid body produce more H2S. This H2S then modifies Olfr78 (persulfidation). Olfr78 is activated by this and triggers a signaling cascade within the cell, leading to nerve and respiratory responses to low oxygen. H2S acts like a messenger, reporting low oxygen to the brain by "turning on" a key protein in the cells of the carotid body, which helps the body adjust its breathing.
see also:
Sulfonate-respiring bacteria…