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Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are a subset of T cells that express a semi-invariant T cell receptor (TCR) that recognizes explicitly MR1-presented metabolites
The most potent activators of MAIT cells are metabolites of vitamin B, such as 5-(2-oxopropylideneamino)-6-D-ribitylaminouracil (5-OP-RU), presented by MR1
Upon recognition of these metabolites, MAIT cells are activated; they produce IFN-gamma and TNF-alfa and exhibit cytotoxic activity against infected cells
MHC class I-related protein 1 (M…