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Among short-chain fatty acids, butyrate induced the differentiation of functional colonic Treg cells in vitro and in vivo in mice via epigenetic upregulation of the foxp3 gene
Butyrate produced by commensal microbes prompts the differentiation of regulatory T cells in the colon in mice. Treatment of naive T cells under the Treg-cell-polarizing conditions with butyrate enhanced histone H3 acetylation in the promoter and conserved non-coding sequence regions of the Foxp3 locus, suggesting a possible mechanism for how microbial-derived butyrate regulates the differentiation of T reg cells .
DCs exposed to butyrate promote conversion of naïve T cells into immunosuppressive RAR-related Orphan Receptor Gamma/T (ROR-gamma/t) Isoform 2 (NR1F3)t + Foxp3 + Colonic Treg cells
SCFAs propionate, acetate, and butyrate increase colonic CD4+ Foxp3 + regulatory T cell (Treg) activity due to activation of GPR43 protecting mice from colitis
In addition to butyrate, de novo Treg cell generation in the periphery was potentiated by propionate
see also:
Butyrate / Butyric acid & Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
Chemosensory receptors / Chemoreceptor