Regulatory T Cells (Tregs)

Regulatory T Cells (Tregs) play a critical role in suppressing tissue inflammation through the release of cytokines such as TGF beta , IL-10 and IL-35
Su et al. 2022 Cells 11: 2296

Regulatory T Cells (Tregs) suppress host antitumor immunity
Behary et al. 2021 Nat. Commun. 12: 187

The diverse distribution and function of regulatory T cells (Tregs) ensures tissue and immune homeostasis.
Wang et al. 2020k Immunol Rev 295: 126-139

Systemic and local changes in nutrient availability and metabolite profile disrupt the abundance and functions of Tregs.
Wang et al. 2020k Immunol Rev 295: 126-139

Regulatory T Cells (Tregs) constitutively express inhibitory molecules such as cytotoxic CTLA-4
Langhans et al. 2019 Cancer Immunol. Immunother. 68: 2055-2066

Regulatory T Cells (Tregs) can secrete Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) , IL-10, and IL-35 to participate in negative immune regulation
Zeng et al. 2019 J. Immunol. Res. 2019: 1603758

• Regulatory T Cells (Tregs) have a unique metabolic profile, enabling adaptation to the Tumor Microenvironment (TME) by using alternative pathways like metabolizing lactic acid instead of glucose.


• Distinct metabolic programs, such as glycolysis and lipid oxidation, are vital for effector and regulatory CD4+ T cell functions.


• The balance between Foxp3 and Toll-like receptor signaling regulates Treg cell anabolic metabolism for suppression.


• Mitochondrial complex III is crucial for the suppressive function of regulatory T cells.

Michalek et al. 2011 J Immunol 186: 3299-3303
Gerriets et al. 2016 Nat Immunol 17: 1459-1466
Weinberg et al. 2019 Nature 565: 495-499

Regulatory T Cells (Tregs) express transcription factor Foxp3 (Hori et al. 2003 Science 299: 1057-1061; Khattri et al. 2003 Nat. Immunol 4: 337-342) and differentiate in the thymus or the periphery
Darrigues et al. 2018 Gerontology 64: 28-35

CD8 + Treg or CD4 + Treg suppress via direct interaction between Treg and activated T cells
Xu et al., 2016

Forkhead box protein 3 (Foxp3)+ regulatory T (Treg) cells are critical mediators for the establishment of self-tolerance and immune homeostasis and for the control of pathology in various inflammatory responses.
Bin Dhuban et al. 2014 Immunol Rev 259(1): 140-58

While Foxp3+ Treg cells often control immune responses in secondary lymphoid tissues, they must also traffic to and persist within non-lymphoid tissues.
Bin Dhuban et al. 2014 Immunol Rev 259(1): 140-58

Regulatory T Cells (Tregs) cells prevent systemic and tissue specific autoimmunity and inflammatory lesions at mucosal interfaces
Josefowicz et al. 2012

Human Regulatory T Cells (Tregs) are functionally and phenotypically diverse
Miyara et al. 2009 Immunity 30(6): 899- 911
Sakaguchi et al. 2010 Nature 10: 490

CD4+ CD25+ Treg activity facilitates tumor development & progression
Correll et al., 2010

Immunosuppression by Treg expansion can be overcome by DC-based vaccination
Correll et al., 2010

Foxp3 as the best known Regulatory T Cells (Tregs) biomarker is a central control element in development and function of Regulatory T Cells (Tregs)
Teng et al. 2010

Their dysfunction (for example, owing to FOXP3 gene mutation) causes fatal autoimmune disease, immunopathology and allergy
Sakaguchi et al. 2008 Cell 133: 175

Immature DC (iDC) / Langerhans Cells may control peripheral tolerance by inducing differentiation of human Regulatory T Cells (Tregs)
Roncarolo et al., 2001

see also:
Colitis / Intestinal Inflammation & Interleukin-10 (IL-10)