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Gut microbiota / Evidence-based microbiome knowledge (incl. AI chat)
Prebiotics, Probiotics, FMT / Manipulators of the Intestinal Microbiota

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CD4+ CD25++ FOXP3 low nTreg / tTreg

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Origin: Thymus

Markers: CD4 +, CD25 high, CD62L +, CTLA-4 -, FOXP3 low, CD45RA +, CD45RO -, HLA-DR -, CD95 -

The thymus-derived CD4+ CD25 high FOXP3 low nTreg / tTreg are thought to be ‘natural’ Treg cells

Originate in the thymus and emigrate as naive CD45RA+ T cells into the periphery
Sakaguchi et al. 2010 Nature 10: 490
Maslanka et al. 2017 PloS One 12(1): e0170021

Thymic Tregs (tTregs, also nTregs) derive from thymocytes and are educated against self-antigen
Josefowicz et al. 2012 Annu Rev Immunol 30: 531-564

Tregs develop in the thymus and migrate to the periphery, c…

References (Sources)

Alloantigen-induced regulatory CD8+ CD103+ T cells
Koch et al., 2008
CD25+CD127 +Foxp3- Cells Represent a Major Subpopulation of CD8+ T Cells in the Eye Chambers of Normal Mice
Maslanka et al. 2017 PloS One 12(1): e0170021
CD28 costimulation of developing thymocytes induces Foxp3 expression and regulatory T cell differentiation independently of interleukin 2
Tai et al. 2005
FOXP3 + regulatory T cells in the human immune system
Sakaguchi et al. 2010 Nature 10: 490
Review
Neuropilin 1 is expressed on thymus-derived natural regulatory T cells, but not mucosa-generated induced Foxp3+ T reg cells
Weiss et al. 2012 J Exp Med 209(10): 1723-1742
Regulatory T cells: mechanisms of differentiation and function
Josefowicz et al. 2012 Annu Rev Immunol 30: 531-564
Review

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12/16/2025

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CD4+ CD25++ FOXP3 low nTreg / tTreg

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