Graft-Versus-Host Disease (GVHD)

Allogeneic T cell expansion is the primary determinant of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). The current understanding is that this expansion is driven by histocompatibility antigen disparities between donor and recipient. This paradigm represents a closed genetic system where donor T cells interact with peptide-major histocompatibility complexes (MHCs).
Yeh et al. 2024 Immunity 57(7): 1648-1664

Graft versus host disease (GVHD) is a post-transplant condition where donor T cells attack recipient tissues, traditionally viewed as an immunological issue requiring immunosuppressive treatment
Devaux et al., 2020 Front. Microbiol. 11: 1642

Graft-Versus-Host Disease (GVHD) is traditionally divided into an acute and a chronic disease (see also: Graft-Versus-Host Disease (GVHD) & Forms)
Shouval et al. 2019 Clinical Hematology International 1(1): 28-35

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) occurs when immunocompetent T cells in the graft recognize the recipient as foreign tissue and initiate the Immune Responses
Bilinski et al. 2022 Biomedicines 10: 837

All APCs massively present antigens (self and nonself) to the mature donor’s T cells, thereby activating invasion and damage.
Bilinski et al. 2022 Biomedicines 10: 837

Chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), a major complication of allogeneic stem-cell transplantation, becomes glucocorticoid-refractory or glucocorticoid-dependent in approximately 50% of patients.
Zeiser et al. 2021 N Engl J Med 385: 228-238

GVHD occurs when alloreactive T cells transplanted from a non-identical donor recognize the transplant recipient as foreign. This recognition triggers an immune response that damages the recipient's tissues. Acute GVHD is associated with allo-HCT in 40-50% of cases.
Tschiedel et al. 2008

see also:
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo HSCT)
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo HSCT) & Gut microbiota