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To find out how gut bacteria affect cytochrome P450 (CYP), scientists compared the mRNA levels of CYP in two types of mice: those with normal bacteria (SPF) and those without any bacteria (GF). They found that most of the main CYP enzymes were more active in the livers of SPF mice than in GF mice. In SPF mice, Lithocholic acid (LCA) made by gut bacteria boosts the activity of CYP enzymes by turning on PXR and CAR.
Toda et al. 2…