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On the one hand, lactate stimulates macrophages to differentiate into the M2-phenotype and, on the other hand, inhibits the function of the Teff.
The first study conducted by Colegio et al. illustrates that tumor-derived lactic acid plays a crucial role as a signaling molecule in the extracellular space. In a melanoma model, it was demonstrated that this lactic acid is taken up by [tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs)](brain://1KvqtwQ_C0CxK4bpW80FfA/TumorAsso…