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The main building block of intestinal mucus and bacterial source of O-glycans, the MUC2 mucin
The major building block of colonic mucus is the MUC2 mucin, a glycoprotein with about 5,200 amino acids and around 80% glycans, mostly O-glycans
A MUC2 mucin monomer will contain up to 1,600 O-glycans and 30 N-glycans giving more than 3,300 terminal sugar residues, a massive glycan array for Commensal Bacteria / Commensalism to interact with and utilize
MUCIN-2 (MUC2) binds copper
MUCIN-2 (MUC2) D1 prevents the generation of reactive oxygen species and protects colon cells against toxic copper concentrations
MUCIN-2 (MUC2) D1 can release copper to cells
Using two juxtaposed copper binding sites, one for Cu2+ and the other for Cu1+, the intestinal mucin, MUC2, prevents copper toxicity by blocking futile redox cycling and the squandering of dietary antioxidants, while nevertheless permitting uptake of this important trace metal into cells
The MUCIN-2 (MUC2) is the primary constituent of intestinal mucus and plays critical protective roles against luminal microbes and other noxious agents
MUCIN-2 (MUC2)-deficient mice are more susceptible to colitis
MUCIN-2 (MUC2) is released from goblet cells of the proximal Colon / Large Intestine
MUCIN-2 (MUC2) O-glycans modulate the structure and function of the microbiota and the transcriptome of the colonic Mucosa / Mucous membrane
Orally delivered OVA, a model antigen, rapidly disseminates through the blood of MUCIN-2 (MUC2) -/- (but not wild-type) mice
The administration of oral OVA to MUCIN-2 (MUC2) -/- mice led to its presentation by thymic dendritic cells
It causes immune activation of Ag-specific CD8 T cells at both local and distal sites
Intestinal Mucus Limits the Clonal Deletion of Developing T Cells Specific for an Oral Antigen
O-glycosylated mucus in the proximal colon is the primary regulator of host-microbial symbiosis