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Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a crucial component of Gram-negative bacteria that plays a role in innate immunity. It activates the Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 receptor on cell membranes and the cytosolic receptor caspase-11, leading to inflammasome activation and pyroptosis. The mechanism by which LPS enters host cells involves bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, host-secreted proteins, and host extracellular vesicles (EVs). These pathways offer potential therapeutic interventions against sepsis and infectious diseases.
Intracellular sensing of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by murine caspase-11 or human caspase-4 initiates a protease cascade, termed the non-canonical inflammasome, that results in gasdermin D (GSDMD) processing and subsequent NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) is the most commonly used marker of Microbial Associated Molecular Patterns (MAMPs)
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) is a cell wall component of gram-negative bacteria and triggers inflammation via TLR4
The release of endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces pro-inflammatory NFκB signaling.
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), mainly produced by Gram-negative bacteria (Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes) as a significant component of the outer membrane, can induce inflammation and disrupt the blood-brain barrier function
They can induce strong inflammatory responses that can lead to septic shock or even death in animals and humans.
The basic structures and chemical properties of Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) derived from different bacterial species are generally similar. Nevertheless, subtle and different immune-activating activities are observed.
On the other hand, a group of LPS molecules mainly produced by Bacteroidetes is often ignored.
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an essential component of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria and a potent systemic immune activator
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induces a systemic inflammatory state by translocating from intestinal epithelial cells to the blood (endotoxemia) and tissues
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) have a strong affinity for chylomicron lipoproteins
High levels of plasma endotoxin are detected in alcoholics , in moderate fatty liver to advanced cirrhosis
The Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) - NFKBPD-L1 Axis can also affect immune escape
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from pathogenic E. coli induced robust cytokine production
LPS important role in development and progression of chronic respiratory disease incl. asthma
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) cause differential Dendritic Cells (DCs) migration and differential DC activation
see also:
Polysaccharides