G-Protein Coupled Receptor 43 (GPR43)

GPR43 receptors are expressed in neutrophils, adipocytes, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, B lymphocytes, eosinophils, and pancreatic beta-cells
Hansen et al. 2017 J Med Chem 60(13):5638–5645

Human GPR43 binds to butyrate, acetate, and propionate
Tang & Offermanns 2017 Handb Exp Pharmacol 236: 205–220

SCFAs stimulate GPR43. This reduces cAMP production. It activates the ERK cascade. This happens via a Gai/o dependent mechanism. It also increases intracellular Ca 2+ levels. This promotes MAPK pathway activation. This occurs through interactions with the Gq family. Many reports support this finding. These receptors are in various tissues. They are in immune cells, endocrine cells, and adipocytes.
Le Poul et al. 2003
Kimura et al. 2014 Frontiers in Endocrinology 5: 85

G-Protein Coupled Receptor 43 (GPR43)-deficient mice exhibited increased inflammatory responses in chronic inflammatory conditions, consistent with defective acute responses and microbial invasion
Sina et al. 2009 J Immunol. 183(11): 7514–22
Kim et al. 2013c Gastroenterology. 145(2): 396-406

G-Protein Coupled Receptor 43 (GPR43) deficiency results in reduced acute inflammation, as evidenced by delayed epithelial cytokine and neutrophil responses in animal models of colitis
Maslowski et al. 2009 Nature 461: 1282-1286
Sina et al. 2009 J Immunol. 183(11): 7514–22

The highest levels of G-Protein Coupled Receptor 43 (GPR43) were found in immune cells
Brown et al. 2003 J. Biol. Chem. 278: 11312-11319

G-Protein Coupled Receptor 43 (GPR43) expression was characterized by a high specificity. Transcripts were found at high level in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PMBCs) and at lower levels in PBMC, as well as in purified monocytes
Le Poul et al. 2003

G-Protein Coupled Receptor 43 (GPR43) was found mainly in hematopoietic tissues, suggesting that this receptor could have an important function in the differentiation and/or activation of leukocytes
Senga et al. 2003 Blood 101: 1185–1187

see also:
G-Protein Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) & Short-Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs)
& Gut microbiota