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Interleukin-33 (IL-33 ) acts as an alarmin cytokine by alerting the system of potential environmental stresses
Dangerous entities, such as PAMPs or alarmins are produced under conditions of stress (as occurs with tissue damage or in infections)
Damage Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules (DAMPs) are released from cancer cells due to necrotic death.
The endogenous molecules from stressed or damaged cells are called DAMPs
Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) include extracellular ATP, cytoplasmic Calreticulin (CRT), high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) proteins, endogenous nucleic acids, and many intracellular proteins exposed by damaged or dying cells
Release of IL-1alfa and DNA, which act as Alarmins / Damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMPs) to enhance DC function during Beryllium sensitization
Alarmins / Damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMPs) = immune-stimulatory cellular factors that are present before death and are released by dying cells
Inducible DAMPs (iDAMPs) are factors that are actively produced or modified during cell death.
Alarmins / Damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMPs) activate dendritic cells (DCs)
DAMPs have beneficial role in anticancer therapy due to interaction with immune system