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Even commensal E. coli strains, which are typically non-pathogenic, can promote intestinal inflammation under certain conditions
During inflammation, the intestinal epithelium produces antimicrobial products to impede bacterial growth
One of these antimicrobial products, reactive oxygen species, also promotes the outgrowth of Escherichia coli (E. coli)
The reactive oxygen species is produced by epithelial NADPH 1 oxidase (NOX1)
NOX activator 1 (NOXA1) licenses NOX1 activity and is required for the generation of ROS
The catalases KatE and KatG could convert H2O2 to oxygen, which in return could serve as the substrate for AppBCX
Detoxification of inflammatory reactive oxygen species through AppBCX allows E. coli to respire in an otherwise anaerobic environment
see also:
Adherent-Invasive E. Coli (AIEC) & Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
AppBCX
Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) / Shigatoxigenic (STEC)
Pathobionts / Pathogens