Loading…
The presence of Akkermansia muciniphila inversely correlates with body weight in rodents and humans. The abundance of A. muciniphila decreased in obese and type 2 diabetic mice, but prebiotic feeding can normalize its abundance, improving metabolic health. Treatment with A. muciniphila reversed diet-induced metabolic disorders and increased intestinal endocannabinoids, which help control inflammation and gut function. These benefits require live bacteria, as heat-killed cells were ineffective.
A systematic review and meta-analysis, identified by the code CRD42021223143, included five studies and encompassed research up to January 2021. This analysis focused on the effects of Akkermansia muciniphila, in its live form, on obesity, fat mass, body fat, and lipid profile in both obese and non-obese mice. The findings indicated that A. muciniphila influences obesity by regulating metabolism and energy homeostasis, as well as improving insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis. Furthermore, the studies demonstrated that this microorganism enhances low-grade inflammation through various mechanisms.
Research indicates that Akkermansia muciniphila may help prevent or treat obesity-related metabolic disorders. Pasteurization of this bacterium enhances its metabolic benefits. In studies with mice and humans, pasteurized Akkermansia muciniphila BAA-835 reduced diet-induced obesity and increased energy expenditure and physical activity without affecting thermogenesis or adipose tissue beiging. It is in cotrast to the findings of . Akkermansia muciniphila BAA-835 decreased perilipin 2 expression in adipose tissues and increased fecal energy excretion, likely by reducing carbohydrate absorption and enhancing intestinal turnover. This study highlights the potential of targeting gut microbiota with specific bacteria to manage energy metabolism and obesity.
Researchers isolated 27 Akkermansia muciniphila strains from human fecal samples to evaluate their anti-lipogenic effects in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Three strains (Akkermansia muciniphila EB-AMDK 10; Akkermansia muciniphila EB-AMDK 19; Akkermansia muciniphila EB-AMDK 27) were selected for their superior lipid reduction compared to the reference strain Akkermansia muciniphila BAA-835. In high-fat diet-fed mice, pasteurized versions of these strains administered orally reduced body weight gain, caloric intake, fat mass, serum lipids, and improved glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and hepatic steatosis. The effects were strain-specific, with Akkermansia muciniphila EB-AMDK 19 and Akkermansia muciniphila EB-AMDK 27 often outperforming the reference strain and Garcinia cambogia control.
The strains studied downregulated adipogenic/lipogenic genes such as pparg gene, srebf1 gene (producing Sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c)), and fas gene in adipose and liver tissues. They also suppressed pro-inflammatory markers like Tumor Necrosis Factor alfa (TNF-alfa), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and CD284 (Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR-4)) in the colon while enhancing the anti-inflammatory marker Interleukin-10 (IL-10). Additionally, they improved gut barrier integrity by increasing mucin (Muc2), goblet cells, and tight junction proteins (occludin, claudin-1). Each strain caused distinct shifts in gut microbiota, such as an increase in Ruminococcaceae in EB-AMDK 19, which correlated with reduced endotoxemia and metabolic benefits.
This randomized clinical phase II treatment trial revealed that the metabolic benefits of A. muciniphila supplementation might rely on its initial levels in the intestine, highlighting the possibility of using gut microbiota as a guide for probiotic supplementation.
see also:
Akkermansia muciniphila & Type 2 Diabetes (T2D)
Akkermansia muciniphila MucT TM & Adiposity / Obesity
Adiposity / Obesity & Drugs / Treatments
Gut microbiota & Leptin
Probiotics (living agents) & Adiposity / Obesity